SQL Data types Reference

SQL datatypes that are categorized into different types as Numeric, String, Date and Time, Unicode character string, Binary, Miscellaneous Data types are listed as follows –

SQL Numeric data types are listed as follows -

Data Type	Description	Syntax
BIT	A bit-value type.The number of bits that can hold is specified in size.	BIT(SIZE)
TINYINT	A very small integer. Uses one-byte memory.	TINYINT(SIZE)
TINYINT	A very small integer. Uses one-byte memory.	TINYINT(SIZE) UNSIGNED
SMALLINT	A small integer.	SMALLINT(SIZE)
SMALLINT	A small integer.	SMALLINT(SIZE) UNSIGNED
INT or INTEGER	An integer. Uses four bytes of memory.	INT(SIZE) or INTEGER(SIZE)
INT or INTEGER	An integer. Uses four bytes of memory.	INT(SIZE) UNSIGNED) or INTEGER(SIZE) UNSIGNED
BIGINT	A large integer. Uses 8-bytes of memory.	BIGINT(SIZE)
BIGINT	A large integer. Uses 8-bytes of memory.	BIGINT(SIZE) UNSIGNED
DECIMAL	A flexi-point number. Uses 5 to 17 bytes of memory.	DECIMAL (SIZE, D)
DEC	Equals to DECIMAL	DEC (SIZE, D)
Numeric	Numeric types more than BIGINT.	NUMERIC(SIZE)
FLOAT	Floating-point types. The maximum value of n is 53. If the n value lies between 1 to 24, the float data type applied. If the n values lie between 25 to 53, double data is considered. Uses 4 to 8 bytes memory based on n value. Mantissa precision is 7 digits.	FLOAT(n)
REAL	Floating-point data. Uses 4 bytes of memory. Mantissa precision is 15 digits.	REAL
DOUBLE	Norma size floating-point number. The total number of digits specified in SIZE. The number of digits specified after decimal point is specified in d.	DOUBLE (SIZE, D)
DOUBLE PRECISION		DOUBLE PRECISION (SIZE, D)

SQL string data types are listed as follows -

Data Type	Description	Syntax
CHAR	Fixed length character strings.	CHAR(n)
VARCHAR	Variable length character strings.	VARCHAR(n)
VARCHAR (max)	Variable length storage with provided max characters. This is not supported by MySQL.	VARCHAR (max)
TEXT	Variable-length storage of text.	TEXT

SQL Date and Time data types are listed as follows -

Datatype	Description	Syntax	Format
DATE	Stores date	DATE	YYYY-MM-DD
TIME	Stores time	TIME	HH:MI: SS
DATETIME	Stores date and time information in the format	DATETIME	YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI: SS
TIMESTAMP	Stores number of seconds passed	TIMESTAMP	YYYY-MM-DD HHLMI: SS UTC
YEAR	Stores year in 2-digit or 4-digit format.	YEAR	YYYY

SQL Unicode Character and string data types are listed as follows -

Datatype	Description	Syntax
NCHAR	Fixed length Unicode Character strings	NCHAR(n)
NVARCHAR	Variable length Unicode Character strings	NVARCHAR(n)
NVARCHAR (max)	Variable length storage with provided max Unicode characters. This is not supported by MySQL.	NVARCHAR (max)
TEXT	Variable-length storage of Unicode text.	TEXT

SQL Binary data types are listed as follows –

Datatype	Description	Syntax
BINARY	Fixed length binary data	BINARY(n)
VARBINARY	Variable length binary data	VARBINARY(n)
VARBINARY (max)	Variable length storage with provided max Unicode characters. This is not supported by MySQL.	VARBINARY (max)
IMAGE	Variable length storage	IMAGE

SQL Miscellaneous data types are listed as follows -

Datatype	Description	Description
CLOB	Character large objects	CLOB
BLOB	For binary large objects	BLOB
XML	for storing xml data	XML
JSON	for storing JSON data	JSON